Theory-Practice Gap Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theory-Practice Gap - Research Paper Example This writing will focus on various measures proposed through which the gap between nursing theoretical frame work and practice can be decreased. Body According to a study conducted by Rolfe, the gap between the theory and practice of nursing is majorly caused because theorists of nursing arena have failed to take into account the real life practices of nurses and health care settings (Rolfe, 1993). He further stated that in order to decrease this gap the theorists need to identify and analyze different nursing situations that take place in real life and base their theories on these situations. He went further to develop a praxis in which what ever happens in practice of nursing is first identified and applied to theory and then theory is created, the created theory is learned in nursing educational settings by nursing students and then applied to real life situations when students transform into practitioners. According to Levin, the gap between nursing theory and practice can be dec reased by allowing a clinical practitioner to guide nursing students while they perform practical tasks during their educational sessions (Levin, 2010). Levin further states that the gap between theory and practice can be reduced by altering the learning and teaching system to constructivist approach while students are under the process of clinical practice educational sessions. When this approach is followed students gain new knowledge by gaining information from the past and present. When this kind of learning approach is applied to the field of nursing, nursing students gain experience by doing what they have learned or learn by doing. Sellman states that the gap between theory and practice is created not by theorists or by students, it is created by the authorities who do not allow the students to practice what they have learned through theory (Sellman, 2010). Sellman suggests that in order to decrease the gap between theory and actual practice, practitioners will have to work a ccording to the situation and have to experience that they do not need to rely on theoretical work in order to practice. This means that nursing students should not try to locate the rationale behind a particular incident taking place; instead they should focus on the cause and effect of practice. While practicing, they should not apply theory, instead they should learn through experience. Wilson in a report named Bridging the theory practice gap states that nursing students experience a gap between what they have learned and what they are practicing because they do not apply what they learn during their educational settings (Wilson, 2008). For this purpose Wilson proposed that while students are under the learning stage they should practice and they should be allowed to practice as nurses. While they will be practicing they will learn through experience and continuous communication with other nursing staff will assist them in gaining more knowledge. This means that students should be allowed to practice with senior nurses as this will help them learn more as they observe other practitioners. This will even assist the health care settings in having enough nursing staff while the demand for nurses are high. Brake in her study states that the gap between nursing practice and theory is caused because nursing students do not attend any other educational arenas other than their own educational setti

Management strategy of Apple Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management strategy of Apple - Case Study Example This research will begin with the presentation of the threat of new entrants. Even though there are great opportunities for emerging companies to compete in the personal computer industry, it is controlled by the five super powers; Apple, Sony, HP, Dell, and Gateway. Hence, Apple plays in an oligopolistic market environment. Probably, the significant challenge to the industry would be a large number of mergers and buyouts prevailing among these industrial movers. They are able to bring together their cost on research and development in order to gain an advantage over others. This process leads to greater competition between the smaller organizations which try to create superior products and bigger companies which generally take up the smaller ones to develop their competitive edge. Implementation of anti-trust agreements within the computer industry does not allow imposters to introduce products of similar types into the market, and so the threat of substitute products and services i s not significant within the industry. On the other hand, the issue that creates a greater threat is the global production of computers. Today, the United States of America is the leader in producing computers in the industry with Japan and Europe as the other key players in the industry. Unlike the other industries where suppliers hold a power over the manufacturers, the computer industry allows the manufacturers to hold a significant amount of power over suppliers. Here the suppliers are competitive in order to maintain exclusive association with the manufactures for supplying their products. And so, they are always forced to adjust their prices or associate with larger firms for surviving the competition. 4. The threat of the bargaining power of buyers The bargaining power of buyers determines the effect that a company’s customers can have on the profitability of the business. Even though the computer industry is getting harder day by day, customers do not possess a greater bargaining power, and hence that does not drastically impact the industry. 5. Industry Rivalry When observing the computer industry with regard to the industry rivalry, it is found that the above said five leading manufacturers are in competition to bring out the most efficient and least expensive machines. Strategic Group Mapping Firms belonging to same strategic group will be having two or more competitive characteristics in common, like selling in same price/quality range, covering same geographic areas, being vertically integrated to same degree, having comparable product line breadth, etc. Obviously, as Huff, Floyd, Sherman and Terjesen (cited in executivemanagementskills.com) point out, firms operating under the same strategic group may possess some common competitive features such as pricing policies, product diversification, and level of vertical integration. Following is the strategic group map for the computer industry (see figure 1). Strategic Group Map (Figure 1. Source: Bamford and West, 123). 2. Apple’s Strategy Apple uses a corporate-level of strategy of competing on many different levels. As Boddie states, Apple follows a comprehensive corporate level strategy through which it competes on different levels.